Hakan Aydin

Mustafa Kemal (1881–1938), the commander-in-chief of the Nationalist Army in the Independence Struggle of Turkey and the first president of the Turkish Republic, delivered his seminal speech entitled Nutuk [The speech] in 1927 in Ankara to the Congress of the Cumhuriyet Halk Fırkası (Republican People’s Party). Nutuk was epic in proportion and content. Delivered by Mustafa Kemal over six days for a duration of thirty-six hours and thirty-one minutes (October 15–20, 1927), Nutuk described the heroic accounts of the Independence Struggle of Turkey against the Allies (1919–1922), particularly the military leadership of Mustafa Kemal during the Struggle. Nutuk is an important source for the study of Kemalism .

Note: Turkish Only